12th Class English Ch 9 Hunger And Population Explosion Short Question Answer
1.What does hunger mean on a large scale as viewed by the author?
Hunger does not mean missing meals for a day. It means never having enough to eat. When people are worried about getting food the are hungry.
2.Describe some great famines of the past?
One of the first famines came in the reign of pharaoh. In the reign of joseph the famine lasted for 7 year. From the birth of Christ to about 1800 Europe faced 350 famines. Chine faced 90 famines in one century. Russia faced a famine in 1921-22. A famine hit Bengal in 1969-70. Famines came in India in 1942 and then in 1964.
3.How do famines occur?
The failure of food crops causes famines. Sometimes crops fail due to some disease. Sometimes the crops fail due to the lack of rain.
4.What is the main reason for population increase today? Q.5/ What is meant by birth-rate and death-rate and how do they affect the population of a country?
(4&5) Birth-rate shows the speed with which babies are born. Death-rate shows the speed with which people die. If the birth-rate is higher than the death-rate the population increases.
6.What have public-health measures to do with the increase in population?
Public health measures have controlled diseases. Therefore death-rate has been reduced. The decline in death-rate has caused the increase in population.
7. Account for the high birth-rate in under-developed countries?
In under-developed countries most of the people are ignorant. They not realize the problems of a big family. They continue to produce children. Thus they cause high birth-rate.
8.Why is birth-rate not so high in the more advanced countries?
In advanced countries people are usually educated. They know the problems of big families. Therefore they control the size of their families. As a result the birth-rate remains low in such countries.
9.Give a brief account of the poor economic conditions prevailing in under-developed countries?
Under-developed countries face the problems of poverty. Such countries lack factories. They export raw material. There are few hospitals schools and colleges there.
10.What is a real hunger? OR Mention the three situations of real hunger?
First the real hunger means never having enough to eat. Second it means that you have eaten something but still you are hungry and can eat more. Third it means when you are worried about the next meal whether it would come or not.
11.What did Arthur Hopcraft of the Guardian say about the hungry children in Kenya? OR Where did Hopcraft visit? OR How did the children in Kenya look? OR What was the condition of hungry children in Kenya?
He visited a nutrition centre in Kenya. There the children stared like blind people. Their legs and arms were like sticks. They could neither cry nor laugh. They weighed 10 Ib at the age of two years.
12.Where was the first record of famine carved? OR Who carved the first record of famine?
The record of first famine was carved in granite by an Egyptian rules. He said that the Nile had gone dry for seven years. There was lack of food and corn. The food bins were empty. People could not even walk. It was the end of every things.
13.How was the disaster during the famine in the time of Joseph prevented? OR What technique did Joseph adopt to avoid to avoid the disaster of the coming famine?
There was plentiful of harvest before the famine. Under the management of Joseph people were forced to store food. This national effort saved Egypt from the disaster of famine. People from the surrounding areas came there for food.
14.What is the record of famine after the birth of Christ?
From the birth of Christ to about 1800 in Europe there came famines in 350 different year. The ratio is one famine in every five years. In England the ratio is one major famine in every ten years.
15. What do the stories of Robin Hood tell us?
The stories of Robin Hood are about the local shortage of food. In these stories Robin Hood is found transporting food robbing the rich to feed the poor and stealing for them from the royal forests.
16.What is history of famines in China? OR how many famines did China have in one century?
China had ninety major famines in one century.
17.Why could the aid provided to India not overcome the famine?
The imported food could not solve the problem. In India the ports were too small to cope with the arriving ships full of food. There was the problem of transportation. Food could not be distributed to the remote areas.
18.What are the causes of famines?
When too many people do not have enough food to eat it causes famines. The failure of crops due to disease and the lack of rain can cause famines.
19.How rapidly did the population of the world increase after the birth of Christ?
By the birth of Christ the population of the world was about 200-300 million. The number doubled by 1650 and it reached 1000 million by 1850. New the population is over 3000 million.
20.What would happen in two or three centuries if the increase in population at present rate is not checked?
It has been calculated that within two or three centuries there will hardly be enough room for people to stand on earth of the growth is not checked by some way. A terrific population explosion is taking place.
21.What is the main reason of population increase?
The main cause of population increase is that the birth rate is greater than the death rate. It means that more people are born than those who die every year.
22.What should be the growth rate to keep the population at the same /present level?
One couple should produce only two children to replace themselves and keep the population at the same level.
23.How was the death rate controlled in Ceylon?
In Ceylon death rate was reduced by one third in two years. There the main cause of death was malaria. DDT was discovered. It killed off the mosquitoes which spread malaria. In this way they had controlled the disease.
24. How was yaws controlled? OR what cures yaws?
The discovery of penicillin controlled yaws. One or two injections of penicillin are needed to cure the disease. Many countries have controlled yaws and reduced the death rate.
25.What is the most important and most difficult thing to achieve about controlling population?
The most important and most difficult thing about controlling population is to create the desire among individuals to limit the size of their families.
26.Which countries are considered as under-developed? OR What are the characteristics problems of under-developed countries?
The under-developed countries are poor. There is lack of factories power and lights. The roads and railways are poor. Hospitals schools and colleges are rare. Most people are ignorant. These countries export only raw material.
27.What were the three elements which reduced population in the past?
The three elements which reduced population in the pst wer famine disease and war.
28.Who was Robin Hood?
Robin Hood was a legendary English outlaw of the 12th century. He was the hero of many ballads. He robbed the rich to give to poor. He was a popular model of courage generosity and justice. He was very skillful in archery. He lived and presided over his band of followers chiefly in Sherwood Forest.
