11th Class Biology Chapter 3 Enzymes Short Questions Answer
11th Class Biology Chapter 3 Enzymes Short Questions Answer Below
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1.What is active site?
The catalytic acticity of enzymes is restricted to a small portion of the enzymes know as the active site.
2.What is a co-Factor?
Some enzymes also have a non-protein part know as a co-factor.
3.What is the difference berween prosthetic group and co-enzyme?
If the non-protein part is covalently bonded to protein part of enzyme it is know as a prosthetic group.If it is loosely attached to the protein part it is known as coenzyme.
4.Define holoenzyme?
An activated enzyme cinsisting of polypeptide chain and a cofactor is known as holoenzyme.
5.How does an enzyme and substrate react?
An enzyme and its substrate react with each other through definite charge bearing sites called active sites.
6.How many regions are present in active site?
The active site of the enzyme is made up of two definite regions i.e.,the binding site and the catalytic site.
7.Who proposed lock and key model?
Emil Fischer (1890) proposed a lock and key model to visualize substrate and enzyme interaction.
8.What is induced fit model?
Koshland (1959) proposed Induce fit model.He argued that when a substrare combines with an enzyme it induces changes in the enzyme structure the change in structure enables the enzyme to perform its catalytic activity more effectively
9.Which factor can affect rate of catalysis of enzyme?
Ans:Any factor that can alter the chemistry and shape of an enzyme affect its rate of catalysis such as temperature pH etc.
10.What would happen if amount of enzhme is incressed by two fold?
If the amount of enzyme is increased by two fold the reaction rate doubled.
11.What is the optimum temperature for enzynes of human body?
For enzymes of human body 37ᵒC is the optimum temperature.
12.How extreme changes in pH affect enzyme?
Extreme changes in pH cause the bonds in the enzyme to break resulting in the enzyme denaturation.
13.What is inhibitor OR define inhibitors of enzymes?
An inginibtor is a chemical substance which can react with the enzyme but is not transformed into product and thus blocks the active site.
14.Differentiate between irreversible and reversible inhibitors?
Irreversible inhibitors occupy the active sites by forming covalent bonds or they may physically block the active sites
15.Define activator?
The detachable co-factor is known as an activator if it is an inorganic ion e.g., metal-ions like Mg2+,Cu2+,& Zn2+ etc.
16.Define optimum temperature of enzyme?
The temperture at which enzyme can work best is called optimum temperture.
17.Define oprimum pH of enzyme?
The pH at which enzyme can work best is called its optimum pH.
18.What is Apoenzyme?
An enzyme with its coenzyme or prosthetic group removed is designated as apoenzyme.
19.What is enzyme and co-enzyme?
An enzyme is a protein which can catalyze a biological reaction while the non protein part that is loosely attached to the protein part of enzyme it is known as coenzyme.The coenzyme helps the enzyme to carry out the reaction.
20.What is substrate?
Any substance such as proteins carbohydrates lipids etc.which is acted upon by the enzymes is called substrate.
21.What is an optimal or optimum value of a factor during reaction?
The value of a factor at which the reaction is carried out best is called its optimal or optimum value.
22.How do irreversible inhibitors check the reaction rate of enzyme?
They check the reaction rate by occupying the active sities oe destroying the globular structure.Irreversible inhibitors occupy the active sites by forming covalent bonds or they may physically block the active sites.
23.How does enzyme concentration affect the rate of enzyme action?
If the enyzme concentration is increased by two fold the reaction rate is doubled.By increasing the enzyme molecules an increase in the number of active sites takes place.
Why butter solidifies at room temperature but not mustered oil?
Butter solidifies at room temperature because butter is saturated fatty acid and saturated fatty acids are solid at room temperature and mustered oil is unsaturated fatty acid this is why it usually liquid at room temperature.
How DNA is different from RNA in nucleotides?
Nucleotides of DNA contains Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thy mine where nucleotides of RNA contain Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Uricil.
Why lipids are used to store energy?
lipids are used to store energy because of higher proportion of C-H bonds and very low proportion of oxygen and they store double amount of energy as compared to any carbohydrate.
Why DNA is considered as heredity material?
DNA considered as genetic material because it contains genes and genes contains heredity characters which are transferred into new generation.
Why proteins are called nitrogenous compounds?
Proteins are called nitrogenous compounds because they contain nitrogen.
Why carbohydrates are called as hydrated carbons?
Carbohydrates are called as hydrated carbons because they contain the ratio of hydrogen and oxygen is the same as in water.
How conjugated molecules are formed?
When two different groups of biomolecules are combined together, conjugated molecules are formed.
Why glycolipids are also called as cerebrosides?
Glycolipids are also called as cerborsides because these are found in brain.
Why monosaccharide’s are also called as simple sugars?
These are also called as simple sugars because they cannot further hydrolyzed into simple sugars.
Why phospholipids are most important class are most important class of lipids?
Phospholipids are most important class of lipids because these are present in all living cells and are associated with membranes and related with vital functions of cell.
Why water requires higher amount of energy to change into vapours or ice?
Water requires higher amount of energy to change into vapours or ice because water contains hydrogen bonding which holds the water molecules together and gives stability to water molecules also.
Why water molecules are considered as amphoteric molecules?
Water molecules are considered as amphoteric molecules because water acts both an acid and a base.
How many essential amino acid are found in the body of living organisms?
There twenty essential amino acids are found in the body of living organisms.
Do mononucleotides work independently as heredity material? Why?
Mononucleotides do not work independently as genetic material because they are not associated with RNA or DNA and they are found singly in the cell or as a part of other molecules.
Many birds must store large amounts of energy to power flight during migration which type of organic molecules would be the most advantageous for energy storage why?
Lipids would be most advantageous organic molecules for energy storage because lipids have higher proportion of C-H bonds and very low proportion of oxygen: Lipids store double the amount of amount of energy as compared to carbohydrates.
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